{"id":8658,"date":"2021-11-10T21:19:11","date_gmt":"2021-11-10T20:19:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/?p=8658"},"modified":"2025-02-04T19:19:00","modified_gmt":"2025-02-04T18:19:00","slug":"marriage-discourses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/","title":{"rendered":"Marriage Discourses"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"8658\" class=\"elementor elementor-8658\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3c40598 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3c40598\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fe50659\" data-id=\"fe50659\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-293645d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"293645d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/\">Department Bookshelf<\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17852d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"17852d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span style=\"color: #000000\">Marriage Discourses: Historical and Literary Perspectives on Gender Inequality and Patriarchic Exploitation\n<\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58caeec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"58caeec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tChapter: Scenes from a Marriage: The Age of Innocence as Discourse on the Transactional Value of Marriage\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d0c7482 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d0c7482\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-643ccc5\" data-id=\"643ccc5\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-99ba265 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"99ba265\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-c2b2c87\" data-id=\"c2b2c87\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78c45a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"78c45a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110751451\/html\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"854\" height=\"1281\" src=\"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2021\/11\/marriagefull2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-4640\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-a459c63 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a459c63\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-4fe4dd2\" data-id=\"4fe4dd2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a370e69 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a370e69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm elementor-animation-grow\" href=\"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/9783110751451\/html\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Purchase<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6366031\" data-id=\"6366031\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c585e40 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c585e40\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-ed16729\" data-id=\"ed16729\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1555107 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"1555107\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-info-circle\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-a71f9ab\" data-id=\"a71f9ab\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfc9041 elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"bfc9041\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-user\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Contributor<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-check-double\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Editors<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-book-open\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Publisher<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"far fa-calendar-alt\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Year<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-barcode\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">ISBN<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-language\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Language<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-db1ad98\" data-id=\"db1ad98\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32b0d8a elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"32b0d8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nord.no\/en\/about\/employees\/jessica-allen-hanssen\" target=\"_blank\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Jessica Allen Hanssen<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Jowan A. Mohammed &amp; Frank Jacob<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">De Gruyter<\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">2021<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">9783110751338<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">English<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c7fe6e5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c7fe6e5\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-9d85b4d\" data-id=\"9d85b4d\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a4bc07f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a4bc07f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBook Description\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d88f41c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d88f41c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMarriage was historically not only a romantic ideal, but a tool of exploitation of women in many regards. Women were often considered commodities and marriage was far away from the romantic stereotypes people relate to it today. While marriages served as diplomatic tools or means of political legitimization in the past, the discourses about marital relationships changed and women expressed their demands more openly. Discourses about marriage in history and literature naturally became more and more heated, especially during the \u201clong\u201d 19th century, when marriages were contested by social reformers or political radicals, male and female alike. The present volume provides a discussion of the role of marriage and the discourses about in different chronological and geographical contexts and shows which arguments played an important role for the demand for more equality in martial relationships. It focuses on marriage discourses, may they have been legal or rather socio-political ones. In addition, the disputes about marriage in literary works of the 19th and 20th centuries are presented to complement the historical debates.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-5f540a4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5f540a4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-e491cac\" data-id=\"e491cac\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb29820 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bb29820\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tChapter Description\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a270c7f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a270c7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<em>Scenes from a Marriage: The Age of Innocence as Discourse on the Transactional Value of Marriage<\/em>\u00a0by <span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nord.no\/en\/about\/employees\/jessica-allen-hanssen\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jessica Allen Hanssen<\/a><\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ddc0f18 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ddc0f18\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify\">Edith Wharton\u2019s 1920 novel <em>The Age of Innocence<\/em> is an innovative masterwork of tension and suspense; even the most domestic of its descriptions only heighten the reader\u2019s anticipation to find out what happens next. Frankly, it does not have the most unusual plot: a privileged young man marries one woman out of duty while believing he is in love with an exotic yet inaccessible other, and is forced to deal with the emotional and social consequences of the choices he makes for the rest of his life. Indeed, the themes of vanity and fallibility against the passage of time have been covered in long form by such heavy-hitters as Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Marcel Proust, and Henry James. Yet <em>The Age of Innocence<\/em> is remarkable in its expression of the at-the-time insignificant moments which ultimately define a person\u2019s, marriage\u2019s, or culture\u2019s destiny. Wharton\u2019s contribution to the novelistic genre comes from the singular and thoughtful way she builds psychological tension through narrative focalization, thus allowing characterization and discourse to emerge through connecting with her reader\u2019s knowledge as well as her own lived experience.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: justify\">Through establishing how Wharton explores a complex marital situation through a selective inclusion of significant cultural forces such as visual arts and earlier American literature into the narrative and builds mood through expanding interpretative spaces at key junctures in the novel, we can establish how The Age of Innocence stands as a powerful and still-influential document on the nature of transaction in marriage discourse in 20th-century American literature. This chapter will therefore present both biographical and literary historical data that establishes the context for Wharton\u2019s work. It will also briefly introduce and explore some cultural developments of the early 20th century, such as the rise of psychoanalysis and secularization, which itself might be understood as transactional in nature, that might have impacted a contemporary audience\u2019s awareness of marriage discourse. These will then inform an interpretative analysis built on a close reading of key elements of the marriage of protagonist Newland Archer and his wife, May Welland Archer, in The Age of Innocence, leading to a thus-informed discussion of the novel\u2019s significance to marriage discourse in later 20th-century American fiction.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>De Gruyter, 2021<br \/>\n<br \/><strong>Contributor: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nord.no\/en\/about\/employees\/jessica-allen-hanssen\" target=\"_blank\">Jessica Allen Hanssen<\/a><br \/>\n<br \/><strong>Editors: <\/strong>Jowan A. Mohammed &amp; Frank Jacob<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":4640,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"coauthors":[4],"class_list":["post-8658","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bookshelf"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Bookshelf: Marriage Discourses - Department of English<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Marriage was historically not only a romantic ideal, but a tool of exploitation of women in many regards. Women were often considered commodities and marriage was far away from the romantic stereotypes people relate to it today. While marriages served as diplomatic tools or means of political legitimization in the past, the discourses about marital relationships changed and women expressed their demands more openly.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bookshelf: Marriage Discourses - Department of English\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Marriage was historically not only a romantic ideal, but a tool of exploitation of women in many regards. Women were often considered commodities and marriage was far away from the romantic stereotypes people relate to it today. While marriages served as diplomatic tools or means of political legitimization in the past, the discourses about marital relationships changed and women expressed their demands more openly.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Department of English\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-11-10T20:19:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-02-04T18:19:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2021\/11\/marriagefull2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"854\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1281\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Heather McKendry\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Heather McKendry\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Heather McKendry\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/94d7dd5958eaa22ffaec68ee4d42c2e8\"},\"headline\":\"Marriage Discourses\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-11-10T20:19:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-04T18:19:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":615,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/24\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/marriagefull2.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Bookshelf\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/\",\"name\":\"Bookshelf: Marriage Discourses - Department of English\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/24\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/marriagefull2.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-11-10T20:19:11+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-02-04T18:19:00+00:00\",\"description\":\"Marriage was historically not only a romantic ideal, but a tool of exploitation of women in many regards. Women were often considered commodities and marriage was far away from the romantic stereotypes people relate to it today. While marriages served as diplomatic tools or means of political legitimization in the past, the discourses about marital relationships changed and women expressed their demands more openly.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/24\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/marriagefull2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/24\\\/2021\\\/11\\\/marriagefull2.jpg\",\"width\":854,\"height\":1281},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/bookshelf\\\/marriage-discourses\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Marriage Discourses\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/\",\"name\":\"Department of English\",\"description\":\"Faculty of Education and Arts, Nord University\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Department of English\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/24\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/cropped-norl3-2.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/24\\\/2020\\\/09\\\/cropped-norl3-2.jpg\",\"width\":764,\"height\":255,\"caption\":\"Department of English\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/94d7dd5958eaa22ffaec68ee4d42c2e8\",\"name\":\"Heather McKendry\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/58ed767b88a1e4e69498f04b2286869b0933540ac30864939b3ab04d9c273b5d?s=96&d=mm&r=g0fcd4de0f10d1109ad640c1ea7bf702b\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/58ed767b88a1e4e69498f04b2286869b0933540ac30864939b3ab04d9c273b5d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/58ed767b88a1e4e69498f04b2286869b0933540ac30864939b3ab04d9c273b5d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Heather McKendry\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/site.nord.no\\\/englishatnord\\\/author\\\/heather\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Bookshelf: Marriage Discourses - Department of English","description":"Marriage was historically not only a romantic ideal, but a tool of exploitation of women in many regards. Women were often considered commodities and marriage was far away from the romantic stereotypes people relate to it today. While marriages served as diplomatic tools or means of political legitimization in the past, the discourses about marital relationships changed and women expressed their demands more openly.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Bookshelf: Marriage Discourses - Department of English","og_description":"Marriage was historically not only a romantic ideal, but a tool of exploitation of women in many regards. Women were often considered commodities and marriage was far away from the romantic stereotypes people relate to it today. While marriages served as diplomatic tools or means of political legitimization in the past, the discourses about marital relationships changed and women expressed their demands more openly.","og_url":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/","og_site_name":"Department of English","article_published_time":"2021-11-10T20:19:11+00:00","article_modified_time":"2025-02-04T18:19:00+00:00","og_image":[{"width":854,"height":1281,"url":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2021\/11\/marriagefull2.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Heather McKendry","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Heather McKendry","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/"},"author":{"name":"Heather McKendry","@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/#\/schema\/person\/94d7dd5958eaa22ffaec68ee4d42c2e8"},"headline":"Marriage Discourses","datePublished":"2021-11-10T20:19:11+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-04T18:19:00+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/"},"wordCount":615,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2021\/11\/marriagefull2.jpg","articleSection":["Bookshelf"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/","url":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/","name":"Bookshelf: Marriage Discourses - Department of English","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2021\/11\/marriagefull2.jpg","datePublished":"2021-11-10T20:19:11+00:00","dateModified":"2025-02-04T18:19:00+00:00","description":"Marriage was historically not only a romantic ideal, but a tool of exploitation of women in many regards. Women were often considered commodities and marriage was far away from the romantic stereotypes people relate to it today. While marriages served as diplomatic tools or means of political legitimization in the past, the discourses about marital relationships changed and women expressed their demands more openly.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2021\/11\/marriagefull2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2021\/11\/marriagefull2.jpg","width":854,"height":1281},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/bookshelf\/marriage-discourses\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Marriage Discourses"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/#website","url":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/","name":"Department of English","description":"Faculty of Education and Arts, Nord University","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/#organization","name":"Department of English","url":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/09\/cropped-norl3-2.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2020\/09\/cropped-norl3-2.jpg","width":764,"height":255,"caption":"Department of English"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/#\/schema\/person\/94d7dd5958eaa22ffaec68ee4d42c2e8","name":"Heather McKendry","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/58ed767b88a1e4e69498f04b2286869b0933540ac30864939b3ab04d9c273b5d?s=96&d=mm&r=g0fcd4de0f10d1109ad640c1ea7bf702b","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/58ed767b88a1e4e69498f04b2286869b0933540ac30864939b3ab04d9c273b5d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/58ed767b88a1e4e69498f04b2286869b0933540ac30864939b3ab04d9c273b5d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Heather McKendry"},"url":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/author\/heather\/"}]}},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/24\/2021\/11\/marriagefull2.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8658","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8658"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8658\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9080,"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8658\/revisions\/9080"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8658"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8658"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8658"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.nord.no\/englishatnord\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=8658"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}