Study locations

North Finland (Inari):

Sámi homeland, communities with reindeer herding. Inland settlements with mainly terrestrial and freshwater food sources. The only landlocked location in this project. January average temperature -9°C.

Photo: Pietro Donna

East Greenland (Ittoqqortoormiit):​

Inuit community of approximately 500 inhabitants in East Greenland with hunting traditions. Coastal settlements with traditional Arctic diet, including marine mammals. Maritime climate with a January average of -13°C.  

Photo: Ken Madsen – Visit Greenland

West Greenland (Nuuk):​

Greenland’s capital and largest city, with around 19,872 residents, over a third of the country’s population. Nuuk is Greenland’s administrative and cultural center, with a maritime Arctic climate and modern amenities supported by hydropower.

Photo: Stine Selmer Andersen – Visit Greenland

North Norway (Tromsø): ​

Cultural, economic and administrative center in North Norway with a population of approximately 80,000, comprising more than 100 nationalities. Sámi homeland with reindeer herding. Service, research, tourism and fisheries are important economic resources. Maritime climate with a January average of -3°C.

Photo: Himmel S

Svalbard (Longyearbyen): ​

Largest settlement on Svalbard (Norway) with a population of approximately 1700, about 17% non-Norwegian, and high turnover. Mining town until 2017. Maritime climate with a January average of -11°C. ​

Photo: Frank Andreassen - www.nordnorge.com